Solution:

Here,

Let the temperature of a body of mass \(\rm m\) be raised from \(\rm t_{1}\) to \(\rm t_{2}\), when it is heated by supplying the amount of heat  \(\rm Q\).

So, Mass of the body =  \(\rm m\)

      Initial temperature = \(\rm t_{1}\)

      Final temperature =  \(\rm t_{2}\)

      Amount of heat supplied = \(\rm Q\)

∴ Change in temperature (\(\rm dt\)) = \(\rm t_{2}\) - \(\rm t_{1}\)

It has been found that heat gained or lost by a body is directly proportional to:

1. the mass of the body and
2. the change in its temperature 

∴  \(\rm Q\) \(\rm ∝\) \(\rm m\) → (i)

      \(\rm Q\) \(\rm ∝\) \(\rm dt\) → (ii)

Combining equations (i) and (ii), we have

 \(\rm Q\) \(\rm ∝\)\(\rm mdt\)

∴  \(\rm Q =\)\(\rm smdt\)

\(\rm or,\) \(\rm Q =\)\(\rm msdt\) → (iii)

Here, 

\(\rm Q\) = Heat gained or heat lost (Heat gained = Heat lost)

\(\rm m\) = mass

 \(\rm s\) = specific heat capacity 

 \(\rm dt\) = change in temperature

Where, s is a constant of proportionality. It is constant for a given medium. The equation (iii) is called heat equation.

Hence, It is proved that heat loss or gain by an object is equal to the product of mass of object, specific heat capacity and change in temperature.